Tuesday, June 19, 2012

ANOTHER VIEW OF THE CHASE

The Advertiser, Adelaide, Tuesday 31 July 1900
NEW SOUTH WALES TRAGEDIES
SEARCHING FOR THE MURDERERS.
A DIFFICULT TASK.
Sydney, July 30.
The black outlaws are still at large large, and the police and bushmen alike have been completely baffled.
There is the greatest difficulty in getting reliable information,owing to the absence of telegraphic communication.
A telephone is in course of erection at Wollar.
Were it completed, the movements of the search parties would be much more easily directed.
It as thought that the telegraph line should be tapped at Ulan and a temporary office erected there.  
To send a messenger 30 miles, and then to await a reply, is to arrive on any trail too late to be of much use.
Coming along the track taken by the fugitives, it is easy to understand how the police were outwitted. No effort is being spared to find the murderers.
The police are out late and early, and only take very brief rest.
Any talk of a systematic search is foolishness.
Ten times the number of men engaged could not, as has been suggested, sweep the country.
Going 10 yards apart they might easily miss their men among the rocks, holes, boulders, and timber that afford excellent cover.  
Trooper Morris, who was recently invalided from the Transvaal, where be was recommended for the Victoria Cross, led a search party from Singleton over the Wollar route, and is thoroughly eager in the pursuit.
He says that the country around Wollar is much rougher than South African country.
The hills here ran in ranges instead of being broken up, as they are in South Africa, and the timber around Wollar affords much better cover.
This party is only one of dozens that are scouring the country, eager to be in at the capture.
It is known that a reward has been offered, but very little thought is given to that.
Everyone is eager for the sake of relatives, who are huddled together in various centres, to rid the country of those who have paralysed everything.
To pass deserted homesteads with the stock feeding in growing crops is a common sight.  
Here and there a few sturdy specimens refuse to leave, and should tbe blacks happen to call at such places, they may have a warm reception.
The police wish if possible to take the Governors alive, but no unnecessary risks are expected to be taken in doing so.  
Further parties continue to leave Mudgee towards Wollar.
Many residents of Cooyal and Botobollar are applying for arms to defend themselves.
Three of the principal stores at those towns have sold during the last few days over £300 worth of arms and ammunition

Saturday, May 12, 2012

CHARLES PAGE UNEARTHED

Charles Page, Ethel Governor's father, has remained a shadowy figure in all accounts of the Jimmy Governor story so far, with very little known about him.
His marriage registration reveals he was born in Lincolnshire, England, c.1839, the son of a farmer.
At the time of his marriage, in April 1881, he was 42 and working as a farmer at Kinchela Creek, north of Kempsey.
Kinchela Creek later became the site of an Aboriginal school and then an Aboriginal boys' home.
Charles' wife, Julia Moore, was 23, 19 years younger than him.
Her place of birth was Gloucester, England and the occupation of her deceased father, printer.
The couple were married in the Weslyan (Methodist) tradition at the home of the two witnesses, rather than at the local Weslyan church.
They then went on to have eight children, with Ethel the first  in 1882 and Henry the last in 1899 when Charles Page was 60.
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For location, see KINCHELA - GOOGLE MAPS

Saturday, May 5, 2012

SCHOOL TEACHERS AT BREELONG WEST

Yesterday I found performance reports ot three of the four female teachers who taught the Mawbey children at Breelong West.
All of them were there because they were struggling to make the grade as fully qualified teachers.
These teachers were Laura Squires, Mary Ann Edwards (my grandmother) and Ellen Kerz.
The first one was Mary Robinson whose details I will get the next time I am at NSW State Records.
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In 1867, the NSW Department of Public Instruction had established a system of Provisional Schools in areas where there were between 15 and 25 children needing an elementary education.
During the 1880s, the minimum number was reduced to 12, and in 1898, to 10.
These schools, like the one at Breelong West, were generally staffed by untrained teachers, or by teachers of the lowest classification.
*
Ellen Kerz, the teacher who was murdered by Jimmy Governor, had been instructed by the Department of Public Instruction to 'act' as a teacher at Breelong after failing to pass the exam for admission to teacher Training School.
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Mary Ann Edwards, who was the teacher at Breelong the year before Miss Kerz, stuggled with her teaching exams too, but unlike the other three, managed to pass her admission to Training School.
After graduating from that, she was posted to Stanmore Public Infants, and subsequently to Breelong West Provisional School.
She left Breelong in June 1899 to do another teaching exam in Sydney, but then failed to gain classification.
Miss Edwards was then transferred to act as a teacher at Woodfield Probationary Public and then as an assistant at Lithgow Public Girls School.
At Lithgow her annual salary was raised from 88 pounds to 90 pounds.
She then went to Wallsend Public Girls School and then Wickham Infants (built 1892), both in the Newcastle area, before retiring without gratuity on 25 September 1903.
Mary Ann Edwards subsequently married John Mawbey (2) whom she had met at Breelong.

                                                                     Wickham Infants
                                                                      (Source: Wikipedia)

Laura Squires, the teacher before Miss Edwards, had so much trouble failing to pass her teaching exams that the Minister decided she had to take the job at Breelong, a second class provisional school, or resign.
She was even given the date by which she had to resign if she refused to take up this offer, 30 June 1897.
It was Laura Squires who had difficulty getting on with Sarah Mawbey with whom she was boarding at Breelong.
Miss Squires ended up moving out and going to live with another family, causing ill will with Mrs Mawbey.
Her former landlady retaliated by withholding her children from the school, thereby adversely affecting the amount of money Miss Squires was paid.
Miss Squires was at Breelong when it was a home school and then when it was upgraded to a provisional school.
The other schools Miss Squires taught at were Darling Road Infants, Penrith Public Infants, Bexley Public, Erskinville Girls Public, Jenolan Caves Provisional and O'Grady's Home School.
She was then a teacher's assistant at North Broken Hill Public and Burke Ward Primary, a temporary assistant at Chatswood Girls Public, and finally, an assistant at Tempe and Darlinghurst Girls.
When she retired without gratuity from 14 August 1908 she was earning 90 pounds per annum.
*

Saturday, April 21, 2012

NEW ZEALAND NEWS STORIES

According to the New Zealand National Library website (http://www.paperspast.natlib.govt.nz), there were 1569 news stories published in New Zealand newspapers about the Jimmy Governor murders and his subsequent three-month rampage.
These papers included:
Ahsburton Guardian, Auckland Star, Bay of Plenty Times, Colonist, Daily Telegraph, Evening Post, Feilding Star, Grey River Argus, Hawera and Normanby Star, Hawkes Bay Herald, Inangahua Times, Manawatu Herald, Manawatu Standard, Marlborough Express,  Nelson Evening Mail, North Otago Times, Ohinemuri Gazette, Otago Daily Times, Otago Witness, Poverty Bay Herald, Southland Times, Thames Star, Waimate Daily Advertiser, Wanganui Herald, Wanganui Chronicle, West Coast Times.

US NEWSPAPER REPORTS

US-based GenealogyBank, said to be the largest newspaper archive for family history research, has some online newspaper reports about the Breelong murders.
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Idaho Statesman, Idaho, 6 July 1900 - Chasing Criminals
Evening News, California, 25 August 1900 - Two Blacks Leave Wide Blood Trail Butchery of Women and Children Arouses Whole District ...
Morning Herald, Kentucky, 7 September 1900 - Eleven Persons Paid Their Lives as Penalty of Negro's Terrible Vengeance
Daily Herald, Mississippi, 4 November 1900 - Reign of Terror Within 100 Miles of Sydney. Two Desperadoes Engaged in Bloody Work
Idaho Statesman, Idaho, 30 November 1900 - Blacks Finished. Squatters in Australia after Outlaws. One Killed, the other Wounded
Helena Independent, Montana, 30 November 1900 - Outlaws Captured. Notorious Australian Criminals Surrounded and Shot by Squatters

Friday, April 20, 2012

OVERSEAS REPORTS OF MURDERS

The British Newspaper Archive reveals that the Governor murders of the Mawbey family was reported in newspapers throughout the UK.
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Evening Telegraph, Angus, Scotland, Wed 29 August 1900 - Fearful outrage by blacks
Gloucester Citizen, Gloucestershire, England, Wed 29 August 1900 - An Australian tragedy
Manchester Courier and Lancaster General Advertiser, Greater Manchester, England - Murder by Australian blacks
Worcestershire Chronicle, Worcestershire, England, Sat 1 September 1900 - Family murdered by blacks
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In the course of my research, I also found the atrocity mentioned in a Russian newspaper.
*
I have yet to determine if the story appeared in the London Times.

Wednesday, April 18, 2012

WHY ELIZABETH O'BRIEN MURDERED

Last year I learnt why Jimmy Governor murdered the pregnant wife of Werriwa selector, Mick O'Brien.
An O'Brien descendent told me that Jimmy and Mick used to be friends, but fell out one day while fishing at a local creek.
After Mick had thrown a fishing net over the water, he wanted Jimmy to swim to the other side to fasten  it.
A punch up resulted when Jimmy refused.
Then Mick's older and much bigger brother, Ted, appeared on the scene and got seriously stuck into Jimmy.
Mick was egging him on, shouting: 'Kill the black bastard!'
Ted only revealed this story on his death bed, suggesting he felt guilt about the role he played in the murder of his sister-in-law.
A shadow puppet play about this incident, and Jimmy's subsequent return to the O'Brien home with a tomahawk to commit murder, can be seen at http://vimeo.com/31173858.
Only a snippet of this appeared to me to have been used in the play for which it was created, Posts in the Paddock, staged in Sydney last November.
There is also a short video of parts of the play at http://vimeo.com/36010647.